A randomized controlled trial of a reading-based weight bias intervention

Abstract

Objective: Weight bias, or negative attitudes about larger bodies, is a prevalent issue associated with problems in psychological and physical health, as well as discriminatory behaviors and weight stigma. Literature is mixed regarding the efficacy of weight bias reduction efforts. This study sought to combine three elements that yielded promising results from previous studies (i.e., reductions in beliefs about controllability of weight, reductions in stereotypical beliefs, and promotion of empathy) in a reading-based intervention to reduce weight bias. Methods: Participants (N = 319) were randomized to read a third-person fictional narrative passage about a peer with obesity (intervention) or information on overweight and obesity (control). Results: Linear mixed models controlling for body mass index and gender indicated the intervention was effective in producing reductions in overall weight bias and beliefs about controllability of weight from baseline to 1-month follow-up, but significant differences were not found in the domains of bias related to character disparagement or physical unattractiveness. Discussion: This combination-approach reading intervention is a promising strategy to reduce weight bias; however, future work is needed to more effectively target negative weight-related attitudes pertaining to character and attractiveness. Public Significance Statement: A reading-based intervention targeting controllability of weight, stereotypes, and empathy can produce reductions in overall weight bias compared with a control condition. Reductions in beliefs about controllability of weight were shown from the reading-based intervention. These findings may inform the development of programs to reduce negative attitudes about weight, which could help enhance quality of life and reduce risk for several mental health issues.