Ethical Issues Involved in the Development of Animal Models for Type I Diabetes

Abstract

Numerous animal models have been developed to mimic human disease states. The underlying assumption in using these animal models in medical research is that they will provide additional knowledge about and insight into disease processes and, hopefully, better methods for treatment or prevention of diseases in humans. Mounting pressure from both the scientific and lay communities makes it necessary for researchers to clearly articulate these assumptions in all animal research. This is most challenging when designing and testing new animal models. All scientific research involving the use of animals should begin with an ethical focus by examining the risk-benefit ratio (i.e., morbidity or mortality to the animal versus the potential importance of the knowledge acquired). Simply stated, if animals are to be used as models of human diseases a clear understanding of the ethical standards that apply should be established. The aim of this paper is to discuss these ethical aspects within the context of research on type I diabetes, using scientific evidence as a framework for the decision-making process.