Relationship between plasma atherogenic index and xanthelasma palpebrarum

Abstract

Introduction: Xanthelasma is a common form of skin xanthoma. It is due to abnormal lipid deposition in the eyelid skin. Xanthelasma is thought to be a sign of dyslipidemia, one of the important risk factors in atherosclerosis. The risk of atherosclerotic disease can be determined using the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) parameters. AIP is a mathematical relationship between TG and HDL in logs (TG/HDL). Thus, this study aimed to determine the relationship between the atherogenic index of plasma and xanthelasma palpebrarum at the Polyclinic of the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach involving 50 patients with xanthelasma palpebral and 50 controls based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Gender, age, lipid profile values (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides), and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) values were recorded. Laboratory tests measured assessment atherogenic index of plasma to determine triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipid (HDL) levels using the Cobas 6000 C501 device. An independent t-test was conducted to assess the relationship between research variables, and it was declared significant with p < 0.001. Results: The majority of xanthelasma palpebrarum occurred in women (94%), and the mean value of the subjects of this disease was higher in the 50-59 year age group (42%). The mean value of lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides) in xanthelasma palpebrarum subjects tends to increase compared to subjects without xanthelasma palpebrarum. The results obtained using the logistic regression test showed that there was a significant relationship between plasma atherogenic index (AIP) values and xanthelasma palpebrarum (p < 0.001). In the group with xanthelasma palpebrarum, the highest proportion were subjects with an IAP value > 0.21 (high risk), and the risk of experiencing xanthelasma palpebrarum was 7.714 times greater than subjects with an AIP < 0.11 (low risk). Conclusion: There is a relationship between plasma atherogenic index and xanthelasma palpebrarum.