Hubungan Perawatan Diri (Self Care) dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Perawatan diri (self care) pada penderita Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah upaya  mengendalikan glukosa darah. Perawatan diri tersebut meliputi pemantauan rutin glukosa darah, peningkatan aktivitas fisik, dan perawatan kaki. Perawatan diri yang rutin diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien DM dan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi pada pasien. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara perawatan diri pada pasien DM dengan kadar glukosa darah.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan studi Cross-sectional dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data melalui kuesioner SDSCA (Summary of diabetes self-care activities). Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk pemilihan sampel sehingga menghasilkan 190 responden berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, yaitu penderita DM tipe 2. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Trauma Center Kota Samarinda pada bulan Oktober-November 2022. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi square untuk melihat hubungan antara perawatan diri dengan kadar gula darah pada penderita DM tipe 2.Hasil: Proporsi pasien dengan perawatan diri yang baik sebesar 51,10% dan perawatan diri kurang sebesar 48,90%. Kadar glukosa darah didapatkan sebagian besar responden (61,10%) memiliki kadar glukosa darah tidak terkontrol. Didapatkan ada hubungan antara perawatan diri pasien DM tipe 2 dengan kadar glukosa darahnya dengan nilai p= 0,00.Kesimpulan: Perawatan diri merupakan faktor yang berperan penting dalam mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita DM tipe 2.Kata Kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Glukosa darah, Perawatan diri Background: Self-care for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an important thing to do to control blood glucose levels. This self-care includes regular monitoring of blood glucose, increasing physical activity, and foot care. It is hoped that routine self-care can improve the quality of life of DM patients and prevent complications in patients. The research aimed to determine the relationship between self-care in DM sufferers and blood glucose levels.Method: Quantitative research with a Cross-sectional study approach was conducted with data collected using the SDSCA (Summary of diabetes self-care activities) questionnaire. A purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection so that 190 respondents were selected based on inclusion criteria, namely those with type 2 DM. The study was conducted in the work area of Trauma Center Health Care of Samarinda in October–November 2022. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to identify the relationship between self-care and blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients.Results: The proportion of patients with good self-care was 51.10% and poor self-care was 48.90%. It was found that most respondents (61.10%) had uncontrolled blood glucose levels. It was found that there was a relationship between the self-care of type 2 DM patients and their blood glucose levels with a value of p = 0.00.Conclusion: Self-care was an important factor in controlling blood glucose levels in people with type 2 DM.Keywords: Blood glucose, Diabetes mellitus, Self-care