Assessing the Antimetabolite Activity of Anthocyanins in Cantigi Fruits from Two Conservation Sites in Indonesia

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antimetabolite activity of anthocyanins in Cantigi fruits from two Indonesian conservation areas. Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium) is a native fruit species known for its rich anthocyanin content associated with various health benefits. This study collected Cantigi fruits from two conservation sites in Indonesia, Tangkuban Perahu (CTP) and Papandayan (CPP) Mountain, and the antimetabolite activity was evaluated using enzymatic assays. The results demonstrated significant antimetabolite activity of CTP, particularly in inhibiting α-Glucosidase (53.72±1.98 µg/ml), pancreatic lipase (110.48±2.13 µg/mL), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (27.32±1.24 µg/ml). Furthermore, our analysis using Liquid Chromatography Hight Resolution Mass Spectrometer (LC-HRMS) revealed the presence of three anthocyanin compounds, namely delphinidin, malvidin, and peonidin which are believed to contribute to the observed antimetabolite activities of Cantigi. These findings provide valuable insights into the specific compounds responsible for the bioactivity of Cantigi and further support for its potential natural source of bioactive substances. Future research should focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of these anthocyanins on the targeted enzymes and exploring their potential synergistic interactions.