Acetylation of histone and modification of gene expression via HDAC inhibitors affects the obesity

Abstract

Obesity is due to imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Adipose tissues are the main site for the fat storage as well as for dissipation. There are two types of adipose tissues: white adipose tissue, which store fat as triglyceride, brown adipose tissue, which burns the fat into energy through the thermogenesis due to uncoupling protein1 present in inner mitochondrial membrane. Histone acylation causes changes in the chromatin structure without causing any change in the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence and thus regulate gene expression. Histone deacetylase causes the deacylation of histone and interfere with function of histone. Thus histone deacetylase inhibitors alter the expression of thermogenic gene encoding uncoupling protein 1, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ and also causes browning or beiging of white adipose tissue and increases the energy expenditure.