Pesticide use data for emission modelling: A case study on the Upper Citarum River Basin

Abstract

Information on pesticide use types and pesticide use are needed to estimate pesticide emissions in the surface water. Unfortunately, these data is either limited or even non-exist in most low- and middle-income country like Indonesia. This problem is considered a missing link in the water monitoring system, especially in the emission estimation model approach. To overcome that problem, a questionnaire survey about pesticide use by the farmer was conducted in the Upper Citarum River Basin (UCRB) agriculture area. The survey result showed that 31 pesticides were used by farmers in UCRB, with pesticide type of insecticide (58%) as the most used by the farmers. Overall, Profenofos and Mancozeb had the widest used in UCRB. For rice crops, as the broadest agriculture area in UCRB, Carbamates and Pyrethroid-based insecticides such as Carbofuran and Deltamethrin were the most frequently mentioned pesticides of the farmers. The variation in application frequency influenced the amount of pesticide use for each crop. In general, the frequency of pesticide application for vegetables was higher (from 7-10 times/ month) than rice and tubers (= 1 time/ month).