Spatial Aggregation of Forest Songbird Territories and Possible Implications for Area Sensitivity

  • Bourque J
  • Desrochers A
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Abstract

Habitat area requirements of forest songbirds vary greatly among species,but the causes of this variation are not well understood. Large arearequirements could result from advantages for certain species whensettling their territories near those of conspecifics. This phenomenonwould result in spatial aggregations much larger than single territories.Species that aggregate their territories could show reduced populationviability in highly fragmented forests, since remnant patches mayremain unoccupied if they are too small to accommodate several territories.The objectives of this study were twofold: (1) to seek evidence ofterritory clusters of forest birds at various spatial scales, lagsof 250-550 m, before and after controlling for habitat spatial patternsandand (2) to measure the relationship between spatial autocorrelationand apparent landscape sensitivity for these species. In analysesthat ignored spatial variation of vegetation within remnant forestpatches, nine of the 17 species studied significantly aggregatedtheir territories within patches. After controlling for forest vegetation,the locations of eight out of 17 species remained significantly clustered.The aggregative pattern that we observed may, thus, be indicativeof a widespread phenomenon in songbird populations. Furthermore,there was a tendency for species associated with higher forest coverto be more spatially aggregated [ERRATUM]. RSUM. La superficie d'habitatdont les oiseaux chanteurs forestiers ont besoin varie grandementselon les espces, mais les causes de cette variation sont encoremconnues. Le besoin de grandes superficies d'habitat pourrait treli aux avantages que retirent certaines espces de l'tablissementde leur territoire prs de celui d'individus conspcifiques. Ce phnomneentranerait des agrgations couvrant une superficie beaucoup plusgrande que celle d'un territoire unique. La viabilit des populationsd'espces qui regroupent leurs territoires pourrait tre rduite dansles forts trs fragmentes tant donn que les parcelles restantes peuventdemeurer inoccupes si elles sont trop petites pour permettre l'tablissementde plusieurs territoires. La prsente tude vise un double objectif: 1) chercher des indications de regroupements de territoires d'oiseauxforestiers diverses chelles spatiales, avec des classes de distancede 250-550 m, avant et aprs avoir tenu compte de la structure spatialede l'habitatand 2) mesurer la relation entre l'autocorrlation spatialeet la sensibilit apparente au paysage chez ces espces. Dans les analysesqui ne tenaient pas compte de la structure spatiale de la vgtationdans les parcelles de fort restantes, neuf des 17 espces tudies regroupaientsignificativement leurs territoires dans les parcelles. Lorsque l'ona tenu compte de la vgtation forestire, les territoires de huit espcessur 17 sont demeurs significativement regroups. Le type de regroupementque nous avons observ pourrait donc tre indicatif d'un phnomne trsrpandu chez les populations d'oiseaux chanteurs. De plus, il y avaitune forte tendance l'autocorrlation spatiale chez les espces influencespar le couvert forestier environnant.

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Bourque, J., & Desrochers, A. (2006). Spatial Aggregation of Forest Songbird Territories and Possible Implications for Area Sensitivity. Avian Conservation and Ecology, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-00043-010203

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