Higher education dropout in Germany: extent, causes, consequences, prevention

Abstract

Dropout is a central topic in higher education research and education policy, gaining additional relevance in light of current developments. Against this backdrop, this paper summarizes the main findings to the four central questions of student attrition: How many students drop out of higher education? Why do they drop out? What are the consequences of leaving without completing a degree? Which measures can prevent dropout? The summary is framed by a discussion of the main methodological challenges and directions of further research.