Absence of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol dysphoric effects in dynorphin-deficient mice

Abstract

The involvement of dynorphin on Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and morphine responses has been investigated by using mice with a targeted inactivation of the prodynorphin (Pdyn) gene. Dynorphin-deficient mice show specific changes in the behavioral effects of THC, including a reduction of spinal THC analgesia and the absence of THC-induced conditioned place aversion. In contrast, acute and chronic opioid effects were normal. The lack of negative motivational effects of THC in the absence of dynorphin demonstrates that this endogenous opimediates the dysphoric effects of marijuana.