A nonendemic analysis of the patterns and prognosis of de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinomas in older patients aged ≥ 65 years

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors related to overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) aged ≥ 65 years in nonendemic areas. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried for elderly patients with M1 stage NPC at initial diagnosis between 2004 and 2016. This study examined 100 patients and evaluated the relationship of sex, age, race, pathological grade, T stage, N stage, sequence number, site of metastasis, number of metastatic organs, and other related factors with OS and CSS. The median survival and follow-up time were 10 and 48 months, respectively. The survival curves for race, bone metastasis, radiation, and chemotherapy significantly affected OS on the log-rank test. Advanced N stage and liver metastasis may be associated with poor survival. Race, bone metastasis, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors of OS. Bone metastasis was associated with poor survival. The survival curves for CSS were significantly different between races, N stage, sequence number, and bone metastasis. In Cox regression multivariate analysis, only sequence number had an independent effect on prognosis. This study revealed that chemotherapy prolonged survival in elderly patients with metastatic NPC, whereas bone metastasis shortened survival.