Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture in India

Abstract

Agriculture is essential for human survival and social sustainibility. Agriculture and society are intertwined. Agriculture is the root to solve current societal issues because ecofriendly agriculture practices can nurture ecosystems where societies rely on the services of ecosystems. Ecological imbalance, pollution, climate changes, food crises, numerous diseases, and malnourishment continue as a major concern for generations all over the world. Sustainable agriculture is the method to implement farming techniques that protect ecosystems, environment and human health, and in the same time produce adequate amount of grains, meat, plants or any life form of agriculture products for social welfare. Here we review nanotechnology in agriculture, with special emphasis on Indian farming in Sundarbans. We summarize available nanotechnology in various fields of agriculture and food including crop productions, preservation of forest, water conservation, water resource management, waste water treatment, soil conservation, soil resource management, nutraceuticals, drug delivery, breeding of farm animals, aquaculture, fishery development, poultry farming, agrochemical, agricultural diagnostics, reestablishment of agricultural resources from natural disaster, organic agriculture, and food processing. Simplification of land ownership, correction of land maps and infrastructures development are necessary for application of nanotechnology efficiently for sustainable agriculture in India.