Bamboo-Based Lignocellulose Biomass as Catalytic Support for Organic Synthesis and Water Treatments

Abstract

Bamboo is an exciting raw material as a lignocellulose source due to its high mechanical resistance, low cost, fast harvesting, and large abundance in all tropical and subtropical zones worldwide. Considering the industrial applications of renewable, biodegradable, and low-cost natural support for heterocatalysis reactions and water remediation, bamboo-based lignocellulose biomass can implicate new insight in these research fields. The chemical and thermal stability, biocompatibility, different catalyst immobilization strategies, reusability, and recovery of the lignocellulose biomass as catalytic support for metal ions, metal nanoparticles, and enzymes are presented. Bamboo, as a 3D microarray of channels with properly regioselective coating with conductive silver ink is presented as a microfluidic heater for potential continuous flow organic synthesis. Bamboo-based lignocellulose biomass can be used as a natural absorbent for metal contaminates in solution (Pb+2). Much more studies are demonstrated using bamboo charcoal (BC) as bioadsorbents for several heavy metals in solution (Pb2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, Hg+2, Zn+2) or in the gas phase (Hg0). BC and bamboo activated carbon (BAC) have been investigated as efficient adsorbents for nitrogen aromatic compounds, organic dyes, and pharmaceuticals active products. The first bamboo 3D bio template was demonstrated as a solar vapor generation for water desalinization. This overview points out the potential use of bamboo-based derivatives for industrial bio-economy.