Fasciolosis

Abstract

Fasciolosis are helminth infections with hepatobiliary system disorder, characterized by chronic long-term course. Pathogens are Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. At the stage of puberty Fasciola parasites in humans and many grazing animals, including sheep, goats, cattle, rarely in pigs, horses and dogs. Fasciolae live in humans 10 years or more, in animals up to 3-5 years. However, there are also more unusual fasciolae hosts such as donkeys and pigs in Bolivia, nutria in France, rats on the Corsica Island. According to the WHO, about 2,4 million people are affected by fasciolosis, and 180 million people live in areas with high risk of infection. The article describes development cycle of the pathogen and geographical spread of the disease; presents fasciolosis pathogenesis, clinical picture of the disease (incubation period, acute stage, chronic stage). It presents clinical observation of the disease in an 8-year-old child; describes diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fasciolosis and treatment; presents fasciolosis epidemiology, prognosis and prevention measures.