First direct dating of the Late Neanderthal remains from Subalyuk Cave in Northern Hungary

Abstract

The Subalyuk hominin remains were uncovered in 1932 in a cave of the same name in the Bukk Mountains, near the village of Cserepfalu in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen County, Northern Hungary. The remains represent two individuals, an adult and a young child who have been described in a few publications since their discovery, providing substantial anthropological data and general assessments of their Neanderthal affiliation. They were associated with Late Mousterian industry. Thus, the Bukk Mountains gain importance in the discussion concerning the contribution of East Central European sites to the debate on the peopling history of Europe during the Late Middle to Early Upper Palaeolithic transition. In this paper, we summarize the archaeological and chronological context of the two individuals, and publish the first direct dating results that place them among the Last Neanderthals of Central Europe.