Formação e maturação da uva e os efeitos sobre os vinhos: Revisão

Abstract

Berries ontogenesis process involves many changes during development, although the most important period is the ripening phase. The objective of this review was to describe the processes involved in the formation and ripening of the grape, with a directed approach to the wine grape varieties, and the effects on the composition and quality of wines. Basic concepts will be updated to understand the anatomical structure, the physiological and biochemical processes involved in grape development, and the effect of management and meteorological conditions on the ripening of berries. It will be discussed how the formation of the berries is linked to the other processes of grapevine development. A great complexity of events regulates and modifies the concentration and the diversity of chemical compounds in the different parts of the berry. The subjects discussed have the purpose of allowing the best use of the vineyard environment conditions, as well as the adoption or adjustment of management practices that allow the production of grapes with higher quality.