Demografia de perfilhos basilares em pastagem de Brachiaria decumbens adubada com nitrogênio

Abstract

It was evaluated tiller appearance, mortality and survival rates, the flowering percentage and the population density of basal tillers in pasture of Brachiaria decumbens under four doses of nitrogen (75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha/year), in three periods of the year: February to April, May to August and September to November. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with periods as a split plot feature, with two replications. The nitrogen fertilization was split in three applications the first in December (2002), second in January (2003) and the third in March (2003). The evaluation of demography of basal tillers was accomplished by initial demarcation of all the tillers contained within a ring of PVC, followed by monthly identification of new tillers with wires of different colors. Evaluation of the population density of basal tillers (vegetative, reproductive and dead tillers) was performed from samples of plants harvested within 25 x 25 cm three squares from each paddock. The nitrogen fertilization positively influenced the tiller appearance, mortality and survival rates, number of vegetative tillers and the tillers mortality in the generations 1 and 2. Rates of tiller appearance were higher in February/April and September/November, while the rate of tiller mortality was higher in February/April period. Tiller population density also varied over the periods, higher figures being observed in Febrary/April period. The flowering of the Signalgrass flowering was most intense from February to May. © 2006 Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia.