Sink nodes deployment algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on geometrical features

Abstract

This paper proposes an algorithm for deploying sink nodes in outdoor wireless sensor networks focusing on smart meters for electricity or gas in a residential area. In this situation, the location of nodes is pre-determined and the nodes cannot be deployed freely. This algorithm calculates the number of required sink nodes and selects the appropriate nodes in order to decrease operational costs of the wireless sensor networks. Positional information on meters in a real residential area was used for experiments. Our algorithm calculated an optimal number of sink nodes.