Evaluación de parámetros productivos y reproductivos en un hato de doble propósito en Tabasco, México

Abstract

An evaluation was done of productive and reproductive performance in Bos taurus (BT) x Bos indicus (BI) cattle in a dual-purpose system under tropical conditions in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. Records were from the UACH-URUSSE production unit, Teapa, Tabasco, and covered the years 1994 to 2011. Data included 492 births and 240 complete lactations of 130 Zebu or BT x BI cross cows. Seven Zebu (Z) x Holstein (H) cross genotypes were studied: 7/8Z1/8H, 3/4Z1/4H, 5/8Z3/8H, 1/2Z1/2H, 5/8H3/8Z, 11/16H5/16Z and 3/4H1/4Z. Based on BT gene proportion, these genotypes were grouped into three categories: 0-25%, 37.5-50% and 62.5-75%. Four variables were analyzed: birth weight (BW); interval between births (IBB); milk production per lactation (MPL); and length of lactation period (LLP). A higher proportion of BT genes was found to positively influence MPL (P<0.05) and LLP (P<0.01), but did not affect BW or IBB (P>0.05). The 62.5-75% category had the highest MPL (1,262.80 ± 34.80 kg), which was 8.09 % higher than the 0-25% category and 6.56 % higher than the 37.5-50% category. The 62.5-75% category also had the longest LLP (260.34 ± 11.20 d), which was 41.72 % longer than the 0-25% category and 33.68 % longer the 37.5-50% category. Of the three categories, the 62.5-75% category exhibited the best production performance, although reproductive performance did not differ between the studied genotype categories.