Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in the Management of Lassa fever among Healthcare Workers in Ondo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus. This disease over the years has caused infections and deaths of healthcare workers who are involved in treating and managing infected patients. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare workers in the management of Lassa fever in three health facilities in Ondo State. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among healthcare workers sat three health facilities in Ondo States involving the use of semi-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics at 95% confidence interval and (p<0.05) level of significance. Result: A total of 85 healthcare workers participated in the study with females 52(61.2%), having a tertiary level of education 71 (81.6%), and at least five years post-graduation experience (65%) constituting the majority. The mean age among participants was 32.7(±8.9)years. Overall, 75(88.2%) respondents had good knowledge of Lassa fever, with81 (95.3%) of them having correct knowledge of Lassa fever's cause and vector. Adequate hand washing 77(90.6%) was viewed to be the most acceptable precautionary measure to prevent the spread of Lassa fever in healthcare facilities. A fair rating was adjudged towards the care and management of Lassa fever patients as forty-seven (55.3%) exhibited a positive attitude. Conclusion: Healthcare workers showed overall good knowledge of Lassa fever and were aware of preventive measures towards limiting community and nosocomial spread. However, there is a need for institutions to consolidate on the measures to improve a positive attitude to the care and management of Lassa fever patients.