Anticonvulsant action of topiramate against motor seizures in developing rats

Abstract

Purpose: To study the anticonvulsant action of topiramate (TPM) in developing rats. Methods: Motor seizures were elicited by administering pentylenetetrazol (100 mg/kg subcutaneously) in five age groups of Wistar rats (7, 12, 18, 25, and 90 days old). TPM was administered intraperitoneally in doses from 10 to 640 mg/kg 2 hours before pentylenetetrazol. The time course of TPM action was studied in 12- and 25-day-old rats up to 24 hours after the 160-mg/kg dose, and the incidence and pattern of seizures were evaluated. Results: TPM did not influence minimal seizures (clonus of forelimb and head muscles with preserved righting ability). Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, however, were reliably changed at all developmental stages studied. The tonic phase was suppressed so that the majority of animals exhibited generalized clonic seizures (with a loss of righting reflexes). In addition, the incidence of generalized seizures was decreased after the 20-, 40-, and 80-mg/kg doses in the 7-day-old rat pups. The specific suppression of the tonic phase of generalized seizures was observed up to 12 hours in the 12-day-old rat pups. The same result was obtained over 6 hours after TPM administration in the 25-day-old animals, and with longer intervals the incidence of generalized seizures decreased in this age group. Conclusions: TPM exhibits stable anticonvulsant action against the tonic phase of generalized tonic-clonic seizures throughout development. In addition, it suppresses all phases of generalized seizures in 7-day-old rats. The anticonvulsant action of TPM lasted longer in 25-day-old than in 12-day-old rats. The two actions of TPM might be ascribed to two different mechanisms of action.