The methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) protein family: An overview and dietary influences

Abstract

The machinery involved in controlling gene expression via DNA methylation includes DNA methyltransferases and seven methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) proteins. By binding to methyl-CpG marks, the MBD proteins can recruit the correct epigenetic machinery to read and to interpret the epigenetic landscape. The MBD family comprises seven proteins: MeCP2 and the MBD1-6, each one with a main function and specific characteristics. The family grouping characteristic is the conserved methyl-binding domain sequence that can recognize a single CpG. Dietary intake contributes to the epigenetic equilibrium by preventing or promoting DNA methylation and influencing epigenetic machinery proteins; expression of transgenerational effects of epigenetic marks and regulators is also addressed.