Hammertoes and MTP instability in the athlete

Abstract

Forefoot complaints of the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints are very common in the athletic population. These disorders can offer significant challenges to the athletic trainer, physical therapist, and foot and ankle surgeon. Conservative management is the mainstay of treatment for these issues. Numerous non-operative treatments are discussed in this section. These include, but are not limited to shoe modifications, alignment devices, orthotics, and protective strategies. Additionally, failed conservative management is investigated as well. The surgical correction of the lesser toe issues is varied and complex. A discussion of surgical treatment options and post-operative protocols will be covered in this section. These include a look at both soft tissue, osseous and combined procedures that attempt to correct the underlying pathology. Post-operative protocols are also evaluated with a focus on the athletes return to play timing.