Comparative study of leaf stomata profiles among different ploidy levels and genomic groups of bananas (Musa L.)

Abstract

Stomata are presumable to be a potential taxonomic differentiating character. This study was aimed to describe the leaf stomata characteristics of banana from different genomic groups, to analyze its clustering pattern, and to confirm the potential character of leaf stomata as a taxonomic marker. Plant materials used in this study were twelve banana leaves; representing 6 genomic groups (AAw, AAcv, AAA, AAB, ABB, and BBw). Stomata observation was carried out by replica method on both adaxial and abaxial of leaf near to petiole. Results showed that number of stomata in all bananas were higher on abaxial than adaxial. The diploid bananas have rounded shape of stomata while the triploid bananas have elliptical shape. Bananas with B genome tend to have regular stomata arrangement. Ploidy level in bananas is inversely correlated to the number of stomata, but positively correlated to stomata length and size. The diploid bananas were having high number of stomata but smaller stomata length and size, than the triploids. The genome size is influenced to the stomata size. Bananas with A genome tend to have larger stomata size than B genome bananas. Clustering analysis based on stomata profiles resulted two main groups following its ploidy level and genomic groups. Thus, stomata profiles can be used as a complementary character to classify among different genomic groups of banana.