Oral malodor-reducing effects by oral feeding of Weissella cibaria CMU in Beagle dogs

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU on oral health in male and female beagles (n = 18) by measuring oral malodor and periodontal disease-related parameters (calculus, plaque, and gingivitis indices). Oral malodor and indicators of periodontal disease were assessed in five treatment groups: negative control (scaling and 0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), positive control (0.24 mg of maltodextrin, n = 3), and W. cibaria CMU groups (each n = 4) at low (CMU-L, 2 ? 107 colony forming unit [CFU]), medium (CMU-M, 2 ? 108 CFU), and high (CMU-H, 2 ? 109 CFU) concentrations. After feeding with W. cibaria CMU for 6 weeks, total volatile sulfur compound concentrations in the CMU-L (2.0 ? 1.04 ng/10 mL), CMU-M (2.4 ? 1.05 ng/10 mL), and CMU-H (2.6 ? 1.33 ng/10 mL) groups were significantly lower than in the positive control group (3.2 ? 1.65 ng/10 mL). Also, CMU-L (1.4 ? 0.83 ng/10 mL) and CMU-H (1.9 ? 1.14 ng/10 mL) groups had methyl mercaptan levels lower than that in the positive control group (2.4 ? 1.21 ng/10 mL) at week 2. The plaque index was significantly lower in the CMU-H group (4.5 ? 0.28) than in the positive control group (5.9 ? 1.08) at week 6. W. cibaria CMU could be useful as a novel oral hygiene probiotics for reducing volatile sulfur compounds production and inhibiting plaque growth in companion animals.