Femoral neck fractures in the young

Abstract

Hip fractures in young adults are uncommon injuries, although the complications can be profound. Hip fractures in young adults usually occur as a result of high-energy trauma and are often associated with other injuries. The two most common complications are nonunion and avascular necrosis (AVN), and both result in significant morbidity for the patients. Secondary salvage procedures are not without complication and are known to have mixed results. The goals of primary treatment are to preserve the femoral head, achieve union and prevent AVN. The critical factors to achieve a good outcome are an early diagnosis and surgery with anatomic reduction and robust internal fixation. There is controversy regarding the role of ancillary techniques such as capsulotomy and other factors including timing of surgery and implant choice or configuration. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the main management principles, outcomes of treatment and potential complications in young adults with hip fractures.