The Effectiveness of Three-day Dietary Records with Advanced Photo System Camera for Measuring Energy Intake in Japanese Men as Determined by Doubly Labeled Water Technique

Abstract

Continuum issues of methodological accuracy and feasibility for energy intake (EI) assessment that are effective for determining daily energy needs in free-living older individuals are still requiring a systematic development of valid and inexpensive methods. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of dietary records combined with advanced photo system (APS) camera for EI assessment over a 3-day-period against doubly labeled water (DLW) method for total energy expenditure (TEE) measurement over a 14-day-period in Japanese men [n=44; age=51±14 year, body mass index (BMI)=23.3±2. 6 kg/m2 and body fat (%BF=20.8±6.2%)]. Body composition and physical fitness (VO2 max) were determined by underwater weighing method and treadmill exercise test, respectively. Subjects were asked not to change their habitual lifestyle and were in a stable body weight over the assessment period. Mean EI of 2,482±425 kcal/day were lower (p<0.02) than mean TEE of 2,654±361 kcal/day. Reporting accuracy (reported EI/TEE×100%) was 94±16% assuming a degree of discrepancy between EI and TEE about 6±16% (-172±448 kcal/day), which was significantly correlated with the physical activity level (PAL=TEE/basal metabolic rate) of r=- 0.30 (p<0.05), but not with age, body weight, %BF, fat mass, fat-free mass, BMI, and VO2 max. In conclusion, we may presume that the difference between EI and TEE in this study would be described neither as under-eating nor under-reporting. The magnitude of discrepancy between EI and TEE is independently predicted by PAL. The use of 3-day dietary records with APS camera is an effective technique for assessing accurately EI assuming that it can be used as a proxy tool to determine energy needs especially in this population.