Motivaciones y obstáculos en la práctica del fútbol femenino en Córdoba (Motivations and obstacles in the practice of female football in Córdoba (Spain))

  • Mérida Serrano R
  • Panzuela García A
  • Muñoz Moya M
  • et al.
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Abstract

El objetivo que orienta este trabajo es identificar qué motivaciones y obstáculos perciben las mujeres futbolistas de fútbol de competición. Para ello se exploran los orígenes del fútbol, entendido como deporte exclusivamente masculino, así como sus repercusiones en la escasa presencia de las mujeres en los clubes de fútbol en la actualidad. En el estudio se aplica un método cuantitativo, mediante la aplicación de la escala denominada ESOFUM (Escala de análisis de las motivaciones y los obstáculos de las mujeres para la práctica de fútbol competitivo) a 189 jugadoras pertenecientes a siete . Se lleva a cabo un análisis descriptivo e inferencial de los datos derivados de la escala elaborada ad hoc. Los resultados fueron: (1) La principal motivación que manifiestan las mujeres para practicar fútbol competitivo es la búsqueda de su bienestar personal –salud, aspecto físico, equilibrio psicológico e interacción social-; y (2) Los estereotipos de género derivados de una cultura patriarcal vinculados a la feminidad y a la maternidad, junto con las pésimas condiciones económicas y laborales que afectan a la práctica del fútbol femenino profesional, obstaculizan la práctica profesional de este deporte por parte de las mujeres. Por los beneficios que genera, es necesario promover acciones, y que estas se adapten a las características y demandas de las jugadoras, que dignifiquen su práctica y transformen la visión masculinizada que existe actualmente de este deporte. Abstract. The main goal that guides this work is to identify what motivations and obstacles women football players perceive in the practice of competitive football. For this purpose, the origins of football, understood as an exclusively male sport, are explored, as well as its repercussions on the scarce presence of women in today's competitive football clubs. The study is based on a quantitative method by applying the ESOFUM scale (Scale of analysis of the motivations and obstacles of women for the practice of competitive football) to 189 players from seven clubs in the province of Córdoba (Spain). A descriptive and inferential analysis of the data derived from the ad hoc scale is carried out. The following results were drawn: (1) What motivates women primarily to play competitive football is the pursuit of their personal well-being -health, physical appearance, psychological balance and social interaction; and (2) Gender stereotypes derived from a patriarchal culture, linked to femininity and motherhood, together with the poor economic and working conditions that affect the practice of professional women's football, hinder the professional practice of this sport by women. Due to the multiple benefits that this sport generates, it is necessary to promote measures, and that these be adapted to the characteristics and demands of the female players, that dignify their efforts and transform the masculinised vision of this sport that still exists in our society nowadays.

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APA

Mérida Serrano, R., Panzuela García, A., Muñoz Moya, M., & González-Alfaya, M. E. (2022). Motivaciones y obstáculos en la práctica del fútbol femenino en Córdoba (Motivations and obstacles in the practice of female football in Córdoba (Spain)). Retos, 46, 301–308. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.88305

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