Post-translational modification

Abstract

Posttranslational modifications, including chemical and covalent conjugation of small proteins, play dynamic regulatory roles underlying the functional modulation of proteins. Posttranslational modifications mediate virtually all cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and epigenetics in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In this chapter, we will summarize the major progresses in this field and expect to help to understand the importance of acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and SUMO conjugation in cardiac function and diseases. Reviews on phosphorylation posttranslational modifications were excluded because of space.