Content validity analysis of first semester formative test on biology subject for senior high school

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the content validity of first-semester formative test instrument of biology subjects on senior high school in the early stages of developing the good test instrument. The test was multiple-choice format with a reason which uses for diagnosis of biology misconceptions. The content validity was determined by quantitative analysis of expert judgments and qualitative expert reviews. Two quantitative approaches to content validity estimations (Lawshe's CVR and Aiken's V) were compared in the analysis of a newly developed instrument which consists of 35 items. The data obtained from a panel of five expert judges. A Content Validity Ratio (Lawshe's CVR) initially determined that only one item lacked inter-rater proportion agreement about its essentiality to the test instrument (CVR = - (0,2). The result of further content validity analysis shows three items had low content validity coefficient (Aiken's V), that is indicating poor item relevance to the test. The qualitative reviews suggest to give attention to questions stem language to nine items include three items earlier. The findings supported the revision of nine items.