Plasmodium falciparum recrudescence two years after treatment of an uncomplicated infection without return to an area where malaria is endemic

Abstract

We report evidence, confirmed by the lack of travel activity outside of France and genetic diversity analysis using polymorphic microsatellite markers, that Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection effectively treated with an artemisinin-based combination can remain dormant and relapse during pregnancy at least 2 years after treatment.