The influence of gender personal and professional qualities of heads of general educational institutions on the effectiveness of management

Abstract

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that it is necessary to study the characteristics of male and female managers in order to develop ways to form general professional personality traits, as well as to compile programs for improving the skills of managers. The process of developing personal and professional qualities is especially important for a leader in the education system, as it affects the effectiveness of management in education. At the same time, the personal and professionally significant features of male and female managers from educational institutions have not been studied enough. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on the basis of the Republican Center for Extracurricular Work (Russia, Kazan). Principals and head teachers of secondary schools, as well as methodologists and inspectors of the district departments of education of the Republic of Tatarstan of the Russian Federation took part in the experiment. A sample of 120 male and female principals were studied (30 persons in each group). The subjects ranged in age from 35 to 65 years old. The work experience was not less than 3 years. The components of self-attitude and professionally important personal qualities of male and female managers were evaluated. Gender differences were determined. Methods of mathematical statistics: Student's t-test and Pearson's χ2 agreement test. The results of the study. A comparative analysis of the data showed that female heads of educational institutions have high values of self-confidence (Хave=7.4) and self-leadership (Хave=8.6). Male managers have high values of self-confidence (Xave=7.2), self-leadership (Xave=8.3) and reflection of self-attitude (Xave=8.3). Female leaders are less diplomatic, collected, with a high super-ego, they have high intelligence, strength of I. Male leaders are less practical and conformal than female leaders. Conformity and practicality distinguish female managers from managers of the opposite sex (at p<0.05). Conclusion. The materials of the article are of practical value for the heads of general educational institutions. The results obtained will enrich the theoretical material on the problem of professionally important qualities of female and male leaders in general. At the same time, the results of this study can help improve the quality of retraining of managers in the system of professional development. They will help the selection, recruitment, and placement of personnel.