Palliative and End-of-Life Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Cancer Survivors: a Review of Current Research and Recommendations

Abstract

Purpose of Review: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer survivors (post-diagnosis to end-of-life) can face inadequate services along the cancer care continuum, including palliative and end-of-life (EOL) care. A growing literature base calls for more research on factors influencing palliative and EOL care access, outcomes, and distinct needs of SGM cancer survivors and caregivers. We analyzed peer-reviewed articles published 2015-present to identify trends. Recent Findings: Ten articles were SGM-focused or inclusive, cancer-focused, and included substantive discussion of palliative and/or EOL care. Four were research studies (three case studies and one qualitative interview study) and six were literature reviews. Recurrent topics included disparities in cancer risk, access, and care; essential cultural and clinical competencies; and need for professional and organizational standards and policies addressing interpersonal and institutional discrimination and inclusion. Summary: Provision of equitable, competent palliative and EOL care depends on continued advancements in research, translated into person-centered approaches to care. We discuss implications of findings for improving palliative and EOL care for SGM cancer survivors.