A review : Carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes in 1991 by Iijima, they have been of great interest, both from a fundamental point of view and for future applications. The eye-catching features of these structures are their electronic, mechanical, optical and chemical characteristics, which open a way to future applications. These properties can even be measured on single nanotubes. For commercial application, large quantities of purified nanotubes are needed. Different types of carbon nanotubes can be produced in various ways. The most common techniques used nowadays are: arc discharge, laser ablation and chemical vapour deposition. Purification of the tubes can be divided into a couple of main techniques: oxidation, acid treatment, annealing, sonication, filtering and functionalisation techniques. Economically feasible large-scale production and purification techniques still have to be developed. Fundamental and practical nanotube researches have shown possible applications in various fields. Real applications are still under development. This report provides an overview of current nanotube technology, with a special focus on synthesis and purification, properties, benefits and applications.