An experimental analysis of the role of stakeholders in the cocoa commodity supply chain in west Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract

The quality and continuity of cocoa seed supply is determined by stakeholders in the cocoa supply chain. In general, the activity of cocoa bean production has not been efficient enough to compete as raw material for domestic industry and export of seeds. So that cocoa beans in West Sulawesi Province can compete and increase the income of cocoa farmers, it is necessary to increase the role of stakeholders in the cocoa supply chain network, especially those that support the improvement of cocoa bean productivity. The research objective is to analyze the role of stakeholders in cocoa seed supply chain through survey method by identifying the supply chain of cocoa beans. The results showed that farmer groups, marketing institutions (large traders, and exporters) still lacked a role in the supply chain of cocoa commodities. The expected role of marketing institutions was partnerships, especially price guarantees and support for increasing the productivity of farmers' gardens. Collector traders are considered to be very instrumental because the cooperation in the form of loans and ready to buy cocoa beans from farmers although the amount is small, but the prices received by farmers from the collector tends to be low. Formal institutions or stakeholders at the farm level in the form of farmer groups have not functioned optimally. Partnership between farmers with institutions or stakeholders in supply chain networks such as wholesalers and exporters or industries has not yet been running, so farmers as key stakeholders do not get price and capital certainty to maximize the production.