Scrotum

Abstract

The scrotum is a dual-sac of skin and muscle containing the testes, blood vessels, and part of the spermatic cord, divided by a septum. The most common problems include development of a mass, torsion, or epididymitis. Imaging is essential in the differential diagnosis of the scrotal diseases due to the limited role of physical examination. Ultrasonography (US) is generally recognized as the most useful tool in the evaluation of scrotal diseases. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be used when US is equivocal or suboptimal or when there is a discrepancy between clinical and US findings. Clinical presentations often overlap among the different scrotal diseases, and misdiagnoses are quite common among testicular tumor, testicular torsion, and epididymitis, especially in young men. Physical examination is often limited due to swelling and pain. Therefore, imaging is essential in the differential diagnosis of the scrotal diseases.