Nonthermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Technology in Dermatology

Abstract

Nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP), also known as cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), is an emerging tool with important effects on biological systems. NTAP harnesses physical plasma, generating a low energy ion environment in which reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are formed. These ionic species can modify proteins and cell membranes in a non-invasive manner. The use of NTAP therapy, a technology once used for medical sterilization, is rapidly expanding, particularly in the field of dermatology. In addition to potent anti-microbial properties, NTAP has demonstrated promise in skin regeneration and cancer-related indications. NTAP affords a unique advantage to pharmacological therapies in that there is no risk of drug-drug interactions. A preliminary safety profile for NTAP has been established, with no adverse effects such as pain, inflammation, blistering, bruising, and pruritus noted to date. In this review, we discuss the clinical application of NTAP in the treatment of onychomycosis, warts, actinic keratosis, and wound healing.