Kajian Penambahan Gambir sebagai Bahan Penyamak Nabati terhadap Mutu Kimiawi Kulit Kambing

Abstract

Gambier contains tannin which functions as vegetable tanning material . This study aimed to determine , the gambier addition to produces the best chemical quality leather according to Indonesian National Standard chemical quality goatleather ( SNI 06-0463-1989 ). The method was used experimental method randomized block design , which consists of 5 treatments with 4 replications . Treatment of this study was added the gambier percentage ( %), each treatment consisting of : treatment A : 15% , B : 20%, C : 25% , D : 30%, and E : 35% . The variables were measured water content , oil/fat content , water-soluble substances content , levels of substances rawhide , levels of insoluble ash in the water , levels of tanning substances ( tannins) bound and the tanning degree . The results showed a significantly different effect ( P < 0.05) to decrease water content , levels of substances rawhide , levels of substances soluble in water and increasing tanning degree and did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) oil/fat content , ash content and levels of tanning substances ( tannins) bound . The conclusion of this study was the addition of 25% was the best gambier percentage , with 17.06 ±0.15% water content, the fat/oil 7.69±1.24%, the levels of water-soluble substances 4.16±0.99%, levels of substances rawhide 42.47±6.39%, 0.99±0.03% levels of insoluble ash in the water, levels of tanning substances (tannins) bound 27.63±2.75% and 65.46% tanning degree, which all meet the quality standard ISO test 06-0994-1989 and SNI No.0253-2009.