Do bocado ao pastoreio de precisão: Compreendendo a interface planta-animal para explorar a multi-funcionalidade das pastagens

Abstract

Precision livestock involves innovative technologies to monitor the animal within its pastoral environment. Understanding ingestive behaviour is fundamental to management decisions based upon animal and vegetation monitoring. The way such information can be used is not yet clear. In precision agriculture, the governing principle has been to correct or manage variability so as to homogenise yield at maximized levels. If the same reasoning is applied in livestock production, it can foster classical mistakes in grazing management. However, if precision livestock production can help integrate heterogeneity in managing animals on pasture, then we have a powerful new tool for responding to the new paradigms involving the multi-functionality of grasslands. This paper discusses this concept, and presents the bite as the basic unit of the process to be monitored. A few types of equipment and their application in monitoring site use and the spatial-temporal dynamics of animal biting are presented. The discussion concludes with how to build pastoral environments with precision bite management, and how to create sward structures to influence the temporal and spatial dynamics of animal biting. © 2009 Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia.