Impact of Tri-Fuel on Compression Ignition Engine Emissions: Blends of Waste Frying Oil–Alcohol–Diesel

Abstract

The increasing demand for power and energy pushes mankind in exploiting more on the limited natural resources. This results in the enormous depletion of the overall deposition of natural resources. It has been estimated that the total oil reserve in the world will not last for more than 60 years. Hence, the exploration for alternative fuels is at large. One such alternative fuel for automotive engines is the waste frying oil biodiesel. Waste frying oil methyl esters (WFOMe) have been known to have good engine characteristics as the lower heating value of most methyl esters from waste frying oil ranged from 38.4 to 39.6 MJ/kg, which is close to 44.5 MJ/kg of diesel. Hence, an attempt is being made in reducing further emission of diesel engine and increasing performance and combustion characteristics of the engine with addition of alcohol (10% ethanol) in the blends of diesel and methyl esters of waste frying oil (B20 blend) forming a tri-fuel WFOMe20E10. Locally, sourced materials were collected and characterized for the study and hence prove to be economical while meeting the energy demands.