Considerable evidence has now accumulated for tumour-associated macrophages stimulating key aspects of tumour progression, including the proliferation, survival and metastasis of tumour cells, tumour angiogenesis and suppression of the anti-tumour functions of other immune effectors at the tumour site. Tumour micro-environmental factors such as hypoxia have profound, direct effects on these cells, stimulating many of their pro-tumour functions. Hypoxia also does so indirectly by stimulating the release of the cytokine angiopoietin-2 from tumour cells and tumour blood vessels. This in turn then recruits Tie-2-expressing monocytes into tumours from the bloodstream and inhibits their production of anti-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic cytokines. © 2007 BioMed Central Ltd.
CITATION STYLE
Lewis, C. E., & Hughes, R. (2007, June 15). Inflammation and breast cancer. Microenvironmental factors regulating macrophage function in breast tumours: Hypoxia and angiopoietin-2. Breast Cancer Research. https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr1679
Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.