Socio-Economic Status of the Fish Curers of the Dry Fish Industry of the Coastal Areas of West Bengal, India

Abstract

With the optimal temperatures higher than 800C, the hyperthermophilic microbes are now in focus due to their unique enzymatic systems. Initially they found in hot springs of Yellow Stone National Park. The enzymes synthesized by hyperthermophilic bacteria and archaea, also called hyperthermophilic enzymes or sometimes thermozymes are typically thermostable and are optimally active at high temperatures, thus lead to the remarkable heat stability properties for multiple biotechnological and various enzymatic processes. Many literatures reported that the thermozymes share the same catalytic mechanism with their mesophilic counterparts i.e. when cloned and expressed in mesophilic hosts, usually retain their thermal property. This property is very useful because omitting the drawbacks come in enzyme production and cultivation of hyperthermophiles. This review concentrates on the various thermozymes, industrially produced from hyperthermophilic microorganisms. The advantages for various biotechnological processes, the sources and important properties of various hyperthermophilic enzymes are briefly described. Furthermore, their various applications in different processes are also summarized in this review