Influência do uso do solo na ocorrência e diversidade de FMAs em Latossolo no Sul do Brasil

Abstract

The soil use and edaphic factors can to change arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi occurrence and distribution. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different soil uses in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community. The areas of native Forest, fallow area, intensive grassland, extensive grazing, no-tillage, conventional tillage, orange orchard, vines and Eucalyptus dunnii were analyzed. From de collection of soil samples was established trap cultivation with Brachiaria brizantha for recovering AMF species that was conducted in camera BOD in casualized lineation, with four repetitions. After three months of trap cultivation, spores were extracted by the method of wet sieving and centrifugation on sucrose and identified by their morphological characteristics. We determined the abundance of spores by species and evaluated area, Margalef richness index, Pielou equitability, Simpson dominance and Shannon diversity. The results revealed the occurrence of Glomus mosseae, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus clarum, Acaulospora sp. and Scutellospora reticulata. The genus Glomus was the most abundant in the areas analyzed. The abundance of spores of AMF is greatest in no-tillage. The soil pH affects the occurrence of AMF species. The native forest showed lower dominance and diversity of AMF species than areas subjected to different soil use.