Thyroid dysfunction and its emergencies in pregnancy

Abstract

This chapter will address thyroid disorders and emergencies related to thyroid disorders in pregnant women. Maternal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity in pregnancy may be associated with obstetric and fetal outcomes. Treatment of overt maternal hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism clearly improves outcomes. To date there is limited evidence that levothyroxine treatment of pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinaemia or thyroid autoimmunity is beneficial. This endocrine condition can turn into an emergency if left ignored or untreated. The intention of this chapter is to realistically prepare us to face thyroid emergencies in critical situations many a times in ICU settings. This includes thyrotoxicosis, thyroid storm, hypothyroidism and myxoedema coma.