Mechanical Properties of Composite Material Using Natural Rubber with Epoxy Resin

Abstract

In this paper the mechanical properties of three types of composite materials using natural rubber vulcanized, unvulcanized and reinforced rubber have been investigated. The composite material using natural rubber and epoxy resin is manufactured by three methods, first method is mixing the natural rubber with epoxy resin by special mixer without any additional materials, the second method is to make a layer of rubber then coating it with a layer of epoxy resin and bonding using the rolling process. The third one is use in the natural rubber as a matrix material and using additional materials like carbon black in specific ratio and mix with them the epoxy resin in five ratios (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%). The first and second methods failed because composite material produced was inhomogeneous while the third method succeeded and the composite material was homogenous. Compression and hardness tests have been done on the resulting composite material of the third method and from the result it is found that the composite material has good properties and these properties improved by increasing the ratio of epoxy resin to the natural rubber. Then the mechanical properties of three types of composite material using natural rubber vulcanized, unvulcanized and reinforced rubber have been investigated. Each type was coated with six percentages of epoxy resin (0% , 20% , 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100 %). The values of Young's modulus, yield stress, tensile strength and yield strain which were calculated for each case and for all percentages of epoxy resin. It is concluded that the properties of the new composite material using natural rubber is muchbetter than the properties of the pure natural rubber and the increasing in the percentage of epoxy resin in vulcanized rubber leads to a decrease in Young's modulus and increasing percentage of epoxy resin in unvulcanized rubber and reinforced rubber leads to an increase in Young modulus. ‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺘﻴﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻁﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺒﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﻨﻊ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﻌل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺭﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻐﻁﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺸﻜل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬. ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﻜﺎﺭﺒﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل‬ 255 ‫ﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻨﺴﺏ‬) ٢٠ % ، ٤٠ % ، ٦٠ % ، ٨٠ % ‫ﻭ‬ ١٠٠. (% ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻤﺘﺠﺎﻨﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺘﻤﺎﺴﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺘﺠﺎﻨﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺠﺭﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﺼﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻭﺍﺼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬. ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺫ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺘﻴﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻜﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻀﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬. ‫ﻏﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻠﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔ‬ ‫ﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺭﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻀﻐﻁ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻠﻜﻨﺔ‬) ٢٠ % ، ٤٠ % ، ٦٠ % ، ٨٠ % ‫ﻭ‬ ١٠٠ (% ‫ﻓﻠﻜﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻅﺭﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻀﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ، ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺴﻴﺔ‬. ‫ﺒﺘﻘﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺨﻴﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺴﻠﻴﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻜل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻁﺎﻁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻴﻀﺎ‬. ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺘﻴﻨﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺜﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻨﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻨﻔﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻀﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺠﻬﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺭﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺯﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﺎﻤل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻭﺤﻅ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻴﺒﻭﻜﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ .