Three-dimensional spiral CT observation of the facet joints of the lower cervical spine and its clinical significance

Abstract

Objective: By observing the 3D anatomy of normal adult cervical facet joints, using the picture archiving and communication system to measure its 3D parameters and discussing its clinical significance, the aim of this study was to provide a reliable morphological basis for the design and manufacture of lower cervical facet joint interface distractors. Methods: We selected 200 patients who underwent cervical spine 3D spiral computed tomography (CT) examination in the imaging department of our hospital from September 2019 to May 2020 and whose spiral CT images showed no cervical spinal canal stenosis, cervical disc herniation, obvious bone hyperplasia, or infection. The anterior and posterior diameters of the facet joints on both sides of the cervical spine, the space between the joints, and the left and right diameters were measured on the sagittal, cross-sectional and coronal planes after reconstruction with 3D spiral CT. Results: The anterior and posterior diameters of the facet joints of the cervical spine, the space between the joints, and the left and right diameters all increased from top to bottom along the cervical spine. The 3D parameters of the C2-3~C6-7 segments were significantly different between the male and female groups. Conclusion: The anteroposterior diameter, joint space interval, and left and right diameter of cervical facet joints are different in each segment and between the sexes. The lower cervical facet joint interface fusion device designed according to the measurement results can fully meet the needs of most patients.