Kultur Kelas Menengah Muslim dan Kelahiran ICMI

Abstract

Robert W. Hefner and Mitsuo Nakamura argue that the establishment of the Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim se-Indonesia (ICMI), or the Muslim Intellectual Society of Indonesia, is a manifestation of the rising Muslim middle class Thai can not be ignored by the government. They also maintain that the cultural foundation of the Muslim middle class and the ICMI is 'renewal Islam' or Islamic neomodernism, which stresses the modern spirit: tolerant, pluralist, moderate, democratic, etc. Therefore, Islam is acceptable to almost all social groups and "Islamization" has been taking place among them. However this review argues that 'renewal Islam' has ideologically rejected the idea of any formal Islam such as the ICMI. This is why many members of the Muslim middle class, as a result of Islamization, are not happy with the establishment of the ICMI. They argue that it is a kind of government coopting of the Muslim community on the one hand and, on the other hand, that it revives primordial politics in Indonesian society. If it is true that renewal Islam is the cultural foundation of the Muslim middle class, then the rising of this class and the establishment of ICMI are therefore two different and separate things. There is a gap between the two. Thus the hypothesis that the political-economic interests of the government, and those of a group of Muslim intellectuals as political agents playing within this, enable the establishment of the ICMI, has not been falsified.