Advanced Drug Delivery Systems in Treating Periodontal Diseases-A Review

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a world-wide prevalent chronic infection which is caused by acummulation of specific microrganisms or group of microrganisms in the dental plaque,resulting in progressive loss of the alveolar bone around the teeth with increased probing depth and recession or both.If left untreated it can lead to loosening and subsequent loss of teeth.It prevails in all groups,ethinicities ,races and both the gender.[1]Controlled drug delivery systems represents one of the most rapidly advancing areas of science and numerous advantages include improved efficacy ,reduced toxicity and improved patients compliance and convinence.Many advanced drug delivery systems are being introduced for the intrapocket delivery of drugs at the diseased site.Non-degradable and degradable systems have been developed for the delivery of antimicrobial agents,bio-absorable dental materials,gels,ointments,films,injectables and microcapsules. Periodontal pocket delivery systems have emerged to a great extent with newer advances in nanotechnology which is used to regenerate the lost periodontal structures and has also shown a substantial progress .Nanorobotics is the upcoming technology creating machines or robots which assist in the repair of the tissue cells .This review approaches the main drug delivery systems for the adminstration of drugs into the periodontal pocket and also their advancements and effectiveness in periodontal therapy.