Buprenorphine: A potential new treatment option for opioid dependence

Abstract

Buprenorphine should be viewed as an alternative to, but not replacement for, methadone for opioid agonist therapy in patients with opioid dependence. Buprenorphine is viable in the primary care setting, which enhances treatment accessibility, and may be a better initial choice for patients at greater risk of respiratory depression, such as elderly patients and those taking benzodiazepines. Choice of first-line treatment will depend on patient preference, expectations, past treatment experiences and side effect profile as well as availability, dispensing regulations, cost and government reimbursement schedules. However, regardless of choice of methadone or buprenorphine, patients with opioid dependence do best in a comprehensive program involving opioid agonist treatment, counselling and support. © 2006 CMA Media Inc.