A Cross-Sectional Study of Bovine Babesiosis in Teltele District, Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2013 to April, 2014 to assess the prevalence of bovine babesiosis in Teltele District, North West Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 384 blood samples were collected from ear vein of cattle from four peasant associations (PAs). In this study the overall prevalence of bovine babesiosis was found 16.9% (65/384) using microscopic examination of Geimsa stained blood smear. Significant variation was observed among study areas (P<0.01). Four PAs were assessed and the lowest prevalence was recorded in Fulotole (9.4%) followed by Hatuse (13.6%), Kulcha (18.2%) while the highest was recorded in Billa kebele (27.85%). Higher prevalence was recorded in female (17.5%) than male (16.3%) with significant difference (P<0.05). Age wise prevalence showed the highest prevalence among old animals (23.5%) followed by adult (15%) and young animals (13.2%). Body condition of the animal was significantly associated (P<0.001) and highest prevalence recorded in animals with poor body condition (35.96%). Two species of Babesia identified were B. bovis (9.9%) followed by B. bigemina (7%). In conclusion the results of this study have indicated that bovine babesiosis was highly prevalent in the study area. This warrants appropriate tick control and strategic prophylactic treatment in order relive the current challenges in the focus area.